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Senegal: West African civil society make a collective call for nutrition action from Senegal workshop

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Source: Scaling Up Nutrition
Country: Burkina Faso, Chad, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea, Liberia, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone

From 28 February 2017, civil society nutrition champions from 12 SUN Countries came together for a four-day workshop in Dakar, Senegal, to strengthen advocacy capacities for scaling up nutrition. The SUN Civil Society Network Workshop was organized by Action Against Hunger and its partners – UNICEF, Save the Children and Terre des Hommes.

Representatives of SUN Civil Society Alliances came from Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Chad and Madagascar. The workshop strengthened capacities of participants to analyse, influence and monitor public policy, as well as various thematic advocacy areas. This reinforces the efforts of organizations involved in the fight against malnutrition to ensure accountability for political and financing commitments in favor of nutrition.

Participants discussed methodologies and tools for multisector public policy influence and budgetary advocacy, shared their best experiences – including engagement with parliamentarians, media – and worked together to overcome common challenges faced by SUN Civil Society Alliances. During the workshop, a high-level roundtable gathered representatives from the Government of Senegal, ACF, UNICEF and Gates Foundation.

A common workplan for the SUN CSN West Africa regional network advanced at the workshop with key objectives being set:

•Government accountability to meet political and financing commitments for nutrition is improved

•Financing for nutrition in West Africa improves through funding of nutrition policy as well as contributing sectors policies

•Elaboration, implementation and monitoring of public policies are influenced by civil society in favor of nutrition

•Civil society capacities in West Africa are strengthened to speak with one voice


World: Recovery, relapse, and episodes of default in the management of acute malnutrition in children in humanitarian emergencies: A systematic review

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Source: Department for International Development, Tufts University, Oxfam
Country: Afghanistan, Angola, Chad, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Niger, Sierra Leone, Sudan, World

This systematic review, commissioned by the Humanitarian Evidence Programme (HEP) and carried out by a research team from the University of Sheffield, represents the first attempt to apply systematic review methodology to establish the relationships between recovery and relapse and between default rates and repeated episodes of default or relapse in the management of acute malnutrition in children in humanitarian emergencies in low- and middle-income countries

  • the relationship between recovery and relapse; and between relapse and default or return default/episodes of default in children aged 6–59 months affected by humanitarian emergencies
  • reasons for default and relapse or return defaults/episodes of default in children aged 6–59 months affected by humanitarian emergencies.

Severe acute malnutrition (SAM, or severe wasting) and moderate acute malnutrition (MAM, or moderate wasting) affect 52 million children under five years of age around the globe. This systematic review seeks to establish whether there is a relationship between recovery and relapse or a relationship between default rates and/or repeated episodes of default or relapse following treatment for SAM and MAM in children aged 6–59 months in humanitarian emergencies. The review also seeks to determine the reasons for default and relapse in the same population.

The systematic review, together with corresponding executive summary and evidence brief, forms part of a series of humanitarian evidence syntheses and systematic reviews commissioned by the Humanitarian Evidence Programme. Other reports in the series review the evidence on interventions or approaches to mental health, child protection, market support and household food security, acute malnutrition, pastoralist livelihoods, shelter self-recovery and urban response.

The Humanitarian Evidence Programme is a partnership between Oxfam GB and the Feinstein International Center at the Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University. It is funded by the United Kingdom (UK) government’s Department for International Development (DFID) through the Humanitarian Innovation and Evidence Programme.

World: The impact of mental health and psychosocial support interventions on people affected by humanitarian emergencies: A systematic review

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Source: Department for International Development, Tufts University, Oxfam, University College London
Country: Burundi, Guatemala, Haiti, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Mozambique, occupied Palestinian territory, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Sri Lanka, Uganda, World

This systematic review, commissioned by the Humanitarian Evidence Programme and carried out by a team from the EPPI-Centre, University College London (UCL), draws together primary research on mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) programmes for people affected by humanitarian crises in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). It investigates both the process of implementing MHPSS programmes and their receipt by affected populations, as well as assessing their intended and unintended effects. What are the barriers to, and facilitators of, implementing and receiving MHPSS interventions delivered to populations affected by humanitarian emergencies? What are the effects of MHPSS interventions delivered to populations affected by humanitarian emergencies? What are the key features of effective MHPSS interventions and how can they be successfully developed and implemented? What are the gaps in research evidence for supporting delivery and achieving the intended outcomes of MHPSS interventions?

The systematic review, together with corresponding executive summary and evidence brief, forms part of a series of humanitarian evidence syntheses and systematic reviews commissioned by the Humanitarian Evidence Programme. Other reports in the series review the evidence on interventions or approaches to mental health, child protection, market support and household food security, acute malnutrition, pastoralist livelihoods, shelter self-recovery and urban response.

The Humanitarian Evidence Programme is a partnership between Oxfam GB and the Feinstein International Center at the Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University. It is funded by the United Kingdom (UK) government’s Department for International Development (DFID) through the Humanitarian Innovation and Evidence Programme.

Sierra Leone: WFP Sierra Leone Country Brief, February 2017

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Source: World Food Programme
Country: Sierra Leone

Highlights

  • WFP completed the second delivery of food commodities to 14 Ebola Virus Disease orphan care centers in the Western Area as an interim measure to get them integrated into foster families.

  • P4P team conducted a verification of food stocks belonging to smallholder farmer groups at Agricultural Business Centers in Bo, Koinadugu, Port Loko, Kailahun, Kenema and Kambia ahead of 2017 food purchase.

WFP Assistance

WFP is implementing activities to support the Government’s National Ebola Recovery Strategy and reverse the negative impacts of the Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak on food security and nutrition among vulnerable populations.

The Protracted Relief and Recovery Operation (PRRO) aims to (i) strengthen the livelihoods of vulnerable communities through community asset creation and rehabilitation; (ii) improve the nutritional status of malnourished children aged 6-59 months, pregnant and nursing women and people living with HIV and TB; and (iii) develop national capabilities to prepare and respond to future emergencies.

The PRRO contributes to restoring and rebuilding livelihoods devastated by EVD, focusing on the most food insecure populations and Ebola survivors, while enhancing utilization of health and nutrition services weakened by the EVD outbreak. The PRRO contributes to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2 Zero Hunger, as well as SDGs 1, 3, 8, 15 and 17.

Under the PRRO, WFP continues to implement Purchase for Progress (P4P) to strengthen the capacity of smallholder farmers to access reliable markets. Participation in P4P enables smallholders to sell their surplus crops at competitive prices, thus bolstering their income and reducing their poverty. Food procured through P4P is used to support nutrition and asset creation activities under the PRRO.

Activities under the Country Programme (CP), which was extended to the end of 2017, include technical assistance to the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST) and support the implementation of their revised national school meals programme. WFP's Country Programme (CP), which contributes to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2 and 17, was designed to empower vulnerable households and individuals with the highest rates of food insecurity and illiteracy in meeting their food and nutrition needs in a sustainable way. The CP is also designed to support the Government to realise its priorities set forth in the Agenda for Prosperity, particularly advancements in the education sector (SDG 4).

Operational Updates

  • P4P team conducted a verification of food stocks belonging to smallholder farmer groups in Kambia,
    Port Loko, Koinadugu, Kailahun, Kenema and Bo districts. Around 40 mt of pulses and 186 mt of rice have been identified for potential purchases.

  • The second delivery of food commodities to 14 EVD orphan interim care centers in the Western Area as part of a three-month food support to orphans in these centers was carried out. Orphan girls who have faced various forms of abuses also benefit from counselling services. WFP plans to scale up support to extend it to foster families nationwide.

  • Food deliveries to health centers for tuberculosis (TB) clients on directly observed treatment, short course (DOTS) are ongoing countrywide and distributions are expected to end in mid-March.

Cameroon: West and Central Africa Regional Policy Dialogue: The New Way of Working: from delivering aid to ending need - OCHA Policy Dialogue Series (January 2017)

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Source: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Country: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo

INTRODUCTION

At the World Humanitarian Summit (WHS) in Istanbul in May 2016, global leaders came together to express their commitment to place people at the centre of decision-making and action. In doing so, they reaffirmed that the scale of current humanitarian issues required greater international cooperation. The Summit triggered a major shift in how the global community will work closer together to prevent and respond to human suffering.

THE ROAD TO A NEW WAY OF WORKING…

The consultations leading to the World Summit overwhelmingly called for a ‘new way of working’ that does not only to meet people’s immediate needs in a principled manner, but also transcend the long-standing divide between humanitarian and development actors, to sustainably lessen the needs by reducing people’s risks and vulnerabilities overtime.

The ‘New Way of Working’ is based on the idea of achieving collective outcomes, building on the comparative advantages of a diverse range of actors, over multi-year timeframes. The goal is to effectively decrease humanitarian needs and in doing so, contribute to the longer-term vision of ‘Leaving No One Behind’ embedded in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Rather than individual efforts, the New Way of Working begins by better defining which shared results can significantly reduce risk and vulnerability. It further outlines better joined-up approaches for humanitarian and development actors to take specific operational and financial measures to deliver on those outcomes together.

The New Way of Working calls for 3 major shifts:

1. Deliver collective outcomes: transcend humanitariandevelopment divides, calling on all relevant actors to achieve strategic collective results that reduce vulnerability and risk over multi-year timeframes.

2. Anticipate do not wait for crises, with an emphasis on predicting and preparing for crises and acting based on the best available evidence of risk.

3. Reinforce, do not replace, national and local systems, calling for a reorientation of international engagement towards enhancing national and local capacities where possible.

World: West and Central Africa Regional Policy Dialogue: The New Way of Working: from delivering aid to ending need - OCHA Policy Dialogue Series (January 2017)

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Source: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Country: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo, World

INTRODUCTION

At the World Humanitarian Summit (WHS) in Istanbul in May 2016, global leaders came together to express their commitment to place people at the centre of decision-making and action. In doing so, they reaffirmed that the scale of current humanitarian issues required greater international cooperation. The Summit triggered a major shift in how the global community will work closer together to prevent and respond to human suffering.

THE ROAD TO A NEW WAY OF WORKING…

The consultations leading to the World Summit overwhelmingly called for a ‘new way of working’ that does not only to meet people’s immediate needs in a principled manner, but also transcend the long-standing divide between humanitarian and development actors, to sustainably lessen the needs by reducing people’s risks and vulnerabilities overtime.

The ‘New Way of Working’ is based on the idea of achieving collective outcomes, building on the comparative advantages of a diverse range of actors, over multi-year timeframes. The goal is to effectively decrease humanitarian needs and in doing so, contribute to the longer-term vision of ‘Leaving No One Behind’ embedded in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Rather than individual efforts, the New Way of Working begins by better defining which shared results can significantly reduce risk and vulnerability. It further outlines better joined-up approaches for humanitarian and development actors to take specific operational and financial measures to deliver on those outcomes together.

The New Way of Working calls for 3 major shifts:

1. Deliver collective outcomes: transcend humanitariandevelopment divides, calling on all relevant actors to achieve strategic collective results that reduce vulnerability and risk over multi-year timeframes.

2. Anticipate do not wait for crises, with an emphasis on predicting and preparing for crises and acting based on the best available evidence of risk.

3. Reinforce, do not replace, national and local systems, calling for a reorientation of international engagement towards enhancing national and local capacities where possible.

World: Food Assistance Outlook Brief, March 2017

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Source: Famine Early Warning System Network
Country: Afghanistan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Guatemala, Guinea, Haiti, Honduras, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, World, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe

This brief summarizes FEWS NET’s most forward-looking analysis of projected emergency food assistance needs in FEWS NET coverage countries. The projected size of each country’s acutely food insecure population is compared to last year and the recent five-year average. Countries where external emergency food assistance needs are anticipated are identified. Projected lean season months highlighted in red indicate either an early start or an extension to the typical lean season. Additional information is provided for countries with large food insecure populations, an expectation of high severity, or where other key issues warrant additional discussion.

Kenya: Kenya: Kakuma New Arrival Registration Trends 2017 (as of 19 Mar 2017)

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Source: UN High Commissioner for Refugees
Country: Angola, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Kenya, Nigeria, Pakistan, Russian Federation, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Yemen, Zimbabwe


World: Mixed Migration Flows in the Mediterranean and Beyond: Compilation of available data and information - Reporting period 1 Feb - 28 Feb 2017

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Source: International Organization for Migration
Country: Afghanistan, Algeria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Egypt, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Gambia, Germany, Greece, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Hungary, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mali, Malta, Morocco, Myanmar, Netherlands, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, occupied Palestinian territory, Pakistan, Portugal, Romania, Senegal, Serbia, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Syrian Arab Republic, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, World

HIGHLIGHTS

  • Until 28 February 2017, there were 13,439 cumulative arrivals to Italy, compared to 9,101 arrivals recorded in the same month in 2016 (a 48% increase). Greece has seen a 98% lower number of arrivals in February 2017 when compared to the same period in 2016, 2,611 and 125,494 respectively.

  • According to available data, there have been 17,479 new arrivals to Greece, Italy and Bulgaria, as countries of first arrival to Europe since the beginning of 2017 till 28 of February 2017.

  • By the end of February, total number of migrants and refugees stranded in Greece and in the Western Balkans reached 75,514. Since the implementation of the EU-Turkey Statement on the 18th of March, the number of migrants and refugees stranded in Greece increased by 46%. For the rest of the countries, please read page 5.

  • As of 28 February 2017, there have been 13,552 indi-viduals relocated to 24 European countries. Please see the new page on relocations for more information.

  • As of 28 February 2017, a total of 915 migrants and refugees were readmitted from Greece to Turkey as part of the EU-Turkey Statement with last readmis-sion taking place on 7 March 2017. The majority of migrants and refugees were Pakistani, Syrian, Afghan, Algerian and Bangladeshi nationals. See Tur-key section.

  • Information about “contingency countries” in the Western Balkans (Albania, Kosovo (SCR 1244)*, Montenegro, and Bosnia and Herzegovina) is on page 30

  • For information on this report, including details on the sources of this report’s data and tallying method-ologies used, please see page 31.

  • For more updates on the Central Mediterranean route, please check IOM’s Mediterranean portal with most recent DTM report from Libya and Niger.

*References to Kosovo should be understood in the context of the United Nations Security Council resolution 1244 (1999)

Sierra Leone: Social Accountability in Sierra Leone: Influencing for pro-poor WASH investment in the 24-month post-Ebola recovery planning

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Source: Oxfam
Country: Sierra Leone

Oxfam is leading the Freetown WASH Consortium (FWC) programme in Sierra Leone, which aims to contribute to health improvement through specific pro-poor WASH interventions that are aligned to the government’s 24-month post-Ebola recovery planning. Oxfam’s strategy focuses on promoting citizen engagement and the translation of community needs into policies.

World: From coast to coast: Africa unites to tackle threat of polio

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Source: World Health Organization, UN Children's Fund
Country: Benin, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, World

116 million children to be immunized from coast to coast across the continent, as regional emergency outbreak response intensifies

23 March 2017 – Geneva/Brazzaville/New York/Dakar: More than 190 000 polio vaccinators in 13 countries across west and central Africa will immunize more than 116 million children over the next week, to tackle the last remaining stronghold of polio on the continent.

The synchronized vaccination campaign, one of the largest of its kind ever implemented in Africa, is part of urgent measures to permanently stop polio on the continent. All children under five years of age in the 13 countries – Benin, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria and Sierra Leone – will be simultaneously immunized in a coordinated effort to raise childhood immunity to polio across the continent. In August 2016, four children were paralysed by the disease in security-compromised areas in Borno state, north-eastern Nigeria, widely considered to be the only place on the continent where the virus maintains its grip.

“Twenty years ago, Nelson Mandela launched the pan-African ‘Kick Polio Out of Africa’ campaign,” said Dr Matshidiso Moeti, WHO Regional Director for Africa. “At that time, every single country on the continent was endemic to polio, and every year, more than 75 000 children were paralysed for life by this terrible disease. Thanks to the dedication of governments, communities, parents and health workers, this disease is now beaten back to this final reservoir.”

Dr Moeti cautioned, however, that progress was fragile, given the epidemic-prone nature of the virus. Although confined to a comparatively small region of the continent, experts warned that the virus could easily spread to under-protected areas of neighbouring countries. That is why regional public health ministers from five Lake Chad Basin countries - Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Niger and Nigeria – declared the outbreak a regional public health emergency and have committed to multiple synchronized immunization campaigns.

UNICEF Regional Director for West and Central Africa, Ms Marie-Pierre Poirier, stated that with the strong commitment of Africa’s leaders, there was confidence that this last remaining polio reservoir could be wiped out, hereby protecting all future generations of African children from the crippling effects of this disease once and for all. “Polio eradication will be an unparalleled victory, which will not only save all future generations of children from the grip of a disease that is entirely preventable – but will show the world what Africa can do when it unites behind a common goal.”

To stop the potentially dangerous spread of the disease as soon as possible, volunteers will deliver bivalent oral polio vaccine (bOPV) to every house across all cities, towns and villages of the 13 countries. To succeed, this army of volunteers and health workers will work up to 12 hours per day, travelling on foot or bicycle, in often stifling humidity and temperatures in excess of 40°C. Each vaccination team will carry the vaccine in special carrier bags, filled with ice packs to ensure the vaccine remains below the required 8°C.

"This extraordinary coordinated response is precisely what is needed to stop this polio outbreak," said Michael K McGovern, Chair of Rotary’s International PolioPlus Committee. "Every aspect of civil society in these African countries is coming together, every community, every parent and every community leader, to achieve one common goal: to protect their children from life-long paralysis caused by this deadly disease."

The full engagement of political and community leaders at every level – right down to the district – is considered critical to the success of the campaign. It is only through the full participation of this leadership that all sectors of civil society are mobilized to ensure every child is reached.

World: D’une côte à l’autre : l’Afrique s’unit pour combattre la menace de la poliomyélite

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Source: World Health Organization, UN Children's Fund
Country: Benin, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, World

Avec l’intensification de la riposte régionale d’urgence à la flambée, 116 millions d’enfants vont être vaccinés sur tout le continent

23 mars 2017 – Genève/Brazzaville/New York/Dakar : Plus de 190 000 vaccinateurs dans 13 pays d’Afrique de l’Ouest et d’Afrique centrale vont vacciner plus de 116 millions d’enfants la semaine prochaine pour faire disparaître le dernier bastion de la poliomyélite sur ce continent.

La campagne de vaccination synchronisée, l’une des plus grandes jamais organisées en Afrique, fait partie des mesures urgentes pour mettre définitivement fin à la poliomyélite sur ce continent. Tous les enfants de moins de cinq ans dans les 13 pays – Bénin, Cameroun, Côte d’Ivoire, Guinée, Libéria, Mali, Mauritanie, Niger, Nigéria, République centrafricaine, République démocratique du Congo, Sierra Leone et Tchad – seront simultanément vaccinés dans le cadre d’un effort coordonné pour renforcer l’immunité des enfants contre la poliomyélite à l’échelle continentale. En août 2016, quatre enfants ont été paralysés par cette maladie dans des zones d’insécurité de l’État de Borno, au nord-est du Nigéria, généralement considéré comme étant le dernier endroit en Afrique où le virus reste implanté.

« Il y a 20 ans, Nelson Mandela a lancé la campagne panafricaine ‘Bouter la polio hors d’Afrique’ », a rappelé le Dr Matshidiso Moeti, Directeur régional de l’OMS pour l’Afrique. « À cette époque, la poliomyélite était endémique dans chaque pays du continent et, chaque année, cette terrible maladie paralysait plus de 75 000 enfants pour tout le reste de leur vie. Grâce au dévouement des gouvernements, des communautés, des parents et des personnels de santé, elle est maintenant combattue jusque dans son dernier réservoir. »

Le Dr Moeti a prévenu cependant que ce progrès était fragile, compte tenu du potentiel épidémique du virus. Bien que confiné dans une région proportionnellement petite du continent, les experts ont averti que le virus pouvait se propager facilement dans des zones mal protégées des pays limitrophes. C’est la raison pour laquelle les Ministres de la santé publique des cinq pays du bassin du Lac Tchad – le Cameroun, le Niger, le Nigéria, la République centrafricaine et le Tchad – ont déclaré que la flambée était une urgence régionale de santé publique et se sont engagés à organiser de multiples campagnes de vaccination synchronisées.

La Directrice régionale de l’UNICEF pour l’Afrique de l’Ouest et l’Afrique centrale, Mme Marie‑Pierre Poirier, a déclaré qu’avec l’engagement résolu des dirigeants africains, on peut s’attendre à ce que ce dernier réservoir finisse par être balayé, assurant ainsi la protection une bonne fois pour toutes de toutes les futures générations d’enfants africains contre les effets invalidants de la poliomyélite. « L’éradication sera une victoire sans égale, qui préservera toutes les futures générations d’enfants de l’emprise d’une maladie qu’on peut totalement éviter, mais qui montrera aussi au monde ce que l’Afrique peut faire lorsqu’elle s’unit pour un but commun. »

Pour stopper dès que possible la propagation potentiellement dangereuse de la poliomyélite, des bénévoles apporteront le vaccin antipoliomyélitique oral bivalent (VPOb) dans chaque maison de chaque ville, grande ou petite, et de chaque village dans les 13 pays. Pour réussir, tous ces bénévoles et agents de santé travailleront jusqu’à 12 heures par jour, se déplaçant à pied ou en vélo, souvent dans une humidité suffocante et avec des températures dépassant les 40 °C. Chaque équipe transportera le vaccin dans des sacs spéciaux, remplis d’accumulateurs de froid pour garantir qu’il reste à une température inférieure aux 8 °C requis.

« Cette extraordinaire action coordonnée est précisément ce qu’il faut pour mettre fin à cette flambée de poliomyélite », s’est félicité Michael K. McGovern, Président du Comité PolioPlus du Rotary’s International. « Tous les aspects de la société civile dans ces pays africains s’unissent – chaque communauté, chaque parent et chaque responsable local – pour atteindre un but commun : protéger leurs enfants de la paralysie définitive causée par cette maladie mortelle. »

On estime que l’engagement total des dirigeants politiques et des responsables locaux à tous les niveaux, jusqu’au moindre district, est essentiel pour le succès de la campagne. Ce n’est qu’avec la participation sans réserve de tous ces chefs de file que tous les secteurs de la société civile se mobilisent pour garantir la vaccination de chaque enfant.

-Fin-

Notes aux rédactions : Le vaccin antipoliomyélitique oral bivalent (VPOb) immunise contre deux des trois sérotypes de poliovirus sauvage : 1 et 3. Le poliovirus sauvage de type 2 a été éradiqué.

L’Initiative mondiale pour l’éradication de la poliomyélite (IMEP) est dirigée par les gouvernements nationaux sous la houlette de l’Organisation mondiale de la Santé (OMS), du Rotary International, des Centers for Disease Control and Prevention des États-Unis d’Amérique (CDC) et du Fonds des Nations Unies pour l’enfance (UNICEF), avec l’appui de la Fondation Bill & Melinda Gates. Depuis son lancement à l’Assemblée mondiale de la Santé de 1988, l’IMEP a réduit de plus de 99 % l’incidence mondiale de la poliomyélite. Elle reçoit l’appui financier des gouvernements des pays affectés, des fondations du secteur privé, des gouvernements donateurs, d’organisations multilatérales, de personnes privées, d’organisations humanitaires et non gouvernementales et d’entreprises. La liste complète des contributeurs peut être consultée sur : http://polioeradication.org/financing/donors/

Pour en savoir plus, prendre contact avec :

Tarik Jasarevic, Organisation mondiale de la Santé jasarevict@who.int +41 79 367 6241
Patrick Rose, UNICEF, prose@unicef.org, +221 786 380 250
Rod Curtis, UNICEF Relations extérieures (État de Borno, Nigéria) rcurtis@unicef.org
+1 917 618 7555

World: From coast to coast: Africa unites to tackle threat of polio

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Source: Global Polio Eradication Initiative
Country: Benin, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, World

116 million children to be immunized from coast to coast across the continent, as regional emergency outbreak response intensifies

More than 190 000 polio vaccinators in 13 countries across west and central Africa will immunize over 116 million children over the next week, to tackle the last remaining stronghold of polio on the continent.

The synchronized vaccination campaign, one of the largest of its kind ever implemented in Africa, is part of urgent measures to permanently stop polio on the continent.  All children under five years of age in the 13 countries – Benin, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria and Sierra Leone – will be simultaneously immunized in a coordinated effort to raise childhood immunity to polio across the continent. In August 2016, four children were paralysed by the disease in security-compromised areas in Borno state, north-eastern Nigeria, widely considered to be the only place on the continent where the virus maintains its grip.

“Twenty years ago, Nelson Mandela launched the pan-African ‘Kick Polio Out of Africa’ campaign,” said Dr Matshidiso Moeti, WHO Regional Director for Africa.  “At that time, every single country on the continent was endemic to polio, and every year, more than 75 000 children were paralysed for life by this terrible disease.  Thanks to the dedication of governments, communities, parents and health workers, this disease is now beaten back to this final reservoir.”

Dr Moeti cautioned, however, that progress was fragile, given the epidemic-prone nature of the virus.  Although confined to a comparatively small region of the continent, experts warned that the virus could easily spread to under-protected areas of neighbouring countries. That is why regional public health ministers from five Lake Chad Basin countries – Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Niger and Nigeria – declared the outbreak a regional public health emergency and have committed to multiple synchronized immunization campaigns.

UNICEF Regional Director for West and Central Africa, Ms Marie-Pierre Poirier, stated that with the strong commitment of Africa’s leaders, there was confidence that this last remaining polio reservoir could be wiped out, hereby protecting all future generations of African children from the crippling effects of this disease once and for all. “Polio eradication will be an unparalleled victory, which will not only save all future generations of children from the grip of a disease that is entirely preventable – but will show the world what Africa can do when it unites behind a common goal.”

To stop the potentially dangerous spread of the disease as soon as possible, volunteers will deliver bivalent oral polio vaccine (bOPV) to every house across all cities, towns and villages of the 13 countries.  To succeed, this army of volunteers and health workers will work up to 12 hours per day, travelling on foot or bicycle, in often stifling humidity and temperatures in excess of 40°C.  Each vaccination team will carry the vaccine in special carrier bags, filled with ice packs to ensure the vaccine remains below the required 8°C.

“This extraordinary coordinated response is precisely what is needed to stop this polio outbreak,” said Michael K McGovern, Chair of Rotary’s International PolioPlus Committee .  “Every aspect of civil society in these African countries is coming together, every community, every parent and every community leader, to achieve one common goal: to protect their children from life-long paralysis caused by this deadly disease.”

The full engagement of political and community leaders at every level – right down to the district – is considered critical to the success of the campaign.  It is only through the full participation of this leadership that all sectors of civil society are mobilized to ensure every child is reached.

Sierra Leone: Rebuilding Health Care in the Shadow of Ebola

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Source: The Global Fund
Country: Sierra Leone

Painted warnings about the Ebola virus are fading from walls as life slowly returns to normal across Sierra Leone, but Princess Koroma’s scars remain as vivid as her sorrow. Left nearly blind and suffering from joint pains, Princess lost 21 members of her family to the disease, including her husband and two sons. But like her country, she is determined to rebuild and go forward. “I am surviving,” the 37-year-old woman said. “I am not alone.”

Sierra Leone, a low-income country, was recovering from the effects of a civil war when the Ebola virus erupted in 2014. The disease decimated communities and devastated the country’s already fragile health infrastructure.

The epidemic in West Africa threw a harsh spotlight on the importance of strong health systems to tackle emergencies and improve global security by preventing future disease outbreaks. Countries with stronger systems like Nigeria and Senegal quickly contained Ebola. But in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone, poor health services, a shortage of health care workers, lack of roads and high illiteracy combined to prevent an adequate response to the crisis, which claimed 11,300 lives. Basic health services, including treatment and prevention for HIV, TB and malaria, ground to a halt.

Ebola also terrified the world, with its speed and virulence. Sierra Leone hopes the experience of living through the epidemic can be used to prevent another outbreak, by rebuilding and strengthening its health systems. The Global Fund and partners have joined forces to help Sierra Leone train health workers, improve diagnostics and supply chains, and increase awareness through community work.

A year after Sierra Leone was declared Ebola-free, its social fabric is now healing. Handshakes are back, market stalls brim with vegetables and fruits, schools have reopened and the sound of music echoes in its streets and villages and along its wide beaches.

“Ebola was an eye-opener,” said Dr. Lynda Foray, program manager of Sierra Leone’s National Leprosy and TB Control Program. “We never used to wash our hands in Sierra Leone. Now there are hand sanitizers at every health center, and people are more aware of how diseases can spread. Simple things can make a big difference.”

Dr. Foray said other improvements introduced during the response to Ebola, such as better laboratory capacity, will help stave off future diseases. As Ebola cases multiplied, staff at her Central Public Health Reference Laboratory in Lakka received intensive training in lab diagnosis and detection techniques, as well as state-of-the-art technology. Those skills and machines have been enlisted to fight tuberculosis and HIV, and reinforce care of TB/HIV co-infection.

The Global Fund is placing a special focus on how it invests in challenging operating environments like Sierra Leone – countries or regions affected by disease outbreaks, natural disasters, armed conflicts and/or weak governance. Providing health care during an Ebola outbreak calls for flexible approaches and strong partnerships on the ground. During the peak of the crisis, the Global Fund mobilized emergency funds to support an antimalarial mass drug administration in Sierra Leone.

In partnership with WHO and UNICEF, the effort reached 2.5 million people, or 95 percent of targeted households. Malaria and Ebola have many of the same symptoms, so reducing the number of people going to hospital for malaria treatment allowed health workers to focus on Ebola, and helped lower the number of people exposed to Ebola. The effort also helped restore community trust in the health sector, which was damaged by misinformation and myths surrounding Ebola.

Between 2016 and 2018, the Global Fund will invest US$103 million to strengthen health systems and fight HIV, TB and malaria in Sierra Leone. The Global Fund provides 80 percent of funding for Sierra Leone’s fight against the diseases.

Global Fund investments aim to nearly double the number of people on antiretroviral treatment for HIV to 46 percent and reduce new infections by boosting prevention activities among female sex workers and men who have sex with men, two communities disproportionately impacted by HIV and AIDS.

Global Fund investments will also help Sierra Leone create stronger data and surveillance, and better deploy and train its 15,000 community health workers. Sierra Leone has the world’s highest levels of maternal mortality, and one of the highest rates of child mortality; better surveillance systems will help detect future outbreaks more quickly, while community health workers deliver crucial services to children and pregnant women.

Prior to the Ebola outbreak, Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone had a ratio of only one to two doctors per nearly 100,000 population, among the lowest in the world.

Extra health care capacity is critical. Prior to the Ebola outbreak, Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone had a ratio of only one to two doctors per nearly 100,000 population, among the lowest in the world. By comparison, the doctor-to-patient ratio in the European Union is 350 doctors for every 100,000 people. Sierra Leone’s meagre medical workforce was further diminished by a high number of health care workers infected. More than 221 doctors, nurses and midwives died while treating Ebola patients.

Makeshift tributes to the “fallen heroes” decorate hospitals and clinics in Sierra Leone, many showing doctors and nurses smiling in their bright blue or green gowns with handwritten signs: “Gone But Not Forgotten” and "Angie, We all love U. May your soul rest in peace.”

Because of reduced access to health services during the Ebola outbreak, an estimated additional 10,600 lives were lost to HIV, TB and malaria in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone.

The Global Fund will invest US$1.5 million in Sierra Leone to introduce treatment for multidrug-resistant TB, an emerging health threat could spread, increasing the cost and complexity of fighting the disease.

“Many patients stopped coming to the clinic or interrupted treatment, raising the risk of developing multidrug-resistant TB,” said Senesie Margao, who heads the Connaughty Hospital chest clinic in Freetown. “Our nurses went to their houses to persuade them to come back to the clinic and avoid the risk of developing resistance.”

As life goes on, the walls daubed with “Ebola e du so” (“Ebola, it’s enough”) seem to be a thing of the past. But Sierra Leone faces daunting challenges.

Most rural health posts lack running water and electricity, and mothers need to walk through the bush for hours, babies strapped to their backs, to see a nurse for malaria or diarrhea. Public health experts say that while Ebola caught the attention of the global community, malaria silently killed twice as many people than Ebola in Sierra Leone in 2014. And the World Bank has estimated that the overall impact of the Ebola crisis in Sierra Leone is US$1.9 billion, a huge toll for a country listed as the eighth least-developed country in the world.

“Nobody expected the Ebola epidemic to overwhelm us the way it did,” said Brima Kargbo, Sierra Leone’s Chief Medical Officer. “But it has presented us with an opportunity to build a comprehensive and robust health system.”

Survivors like Princess are showing the way forward. After being discharged from hospital, she struggled to get by, but she is now retraining herself through a Global Fund-supported program. The program provides HIV prevention services and has given her a new sense of purpose. “They want me to become a leader,” she said with pride.

Sierra Leone: Sierra Leone: One dead, two seriously injured as security forces open fire on protesting students

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Source: Amnesty International
Country: Sierra Leone

The security forces killed one person and seriously injured at least two others as they opened fire on protesting students in the city of Bo today, Amnesty International said.

“This bloodshed and loss of young life is a tragedy and suggests a heavy handed response by the security forces to a student protest,” said Sabrina Mahtani, Amnesty International West Africa researcher.

“We urge the police to refrain from committing human rights violations and instead allow the students to safely exercise their rights to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly.”

“The authorities must conduct an independent investigation to shed light on the circumstances of this killing and all injuries and, if there is sufficient evidence, ensure accountability through fair trials.”

Students of Njala University, near the city of Bo, started protesting on Thursday morning against a long-running lecturers' strike which has left their college closed since October 2016. Lecturers have been on strike due to non-payment of salaries by the government. Police say that students did not obtain a permit for the protest today, were burning tires and blocking major roads.

Protests also happened in the capital, Freetown. Students were forcefully dispersed by police firing teargas at them while they were converging in front of the President’s house in Freetown chanting for the reopening of their university. Over 10 students have been arrested in Freetown and several in Bo.


World: Women’s leadership in resilience: Eight inspiring case studies from Africa and Asia

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Source: ActionAid
Country: Bangladesh, Cambodia, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Myanmar, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Viet Nam, World, Zimbabwe

INTRODUCTION

ActionAid is working with poor communities across the world to support them in building their resilience to disasters, climate change and other shocks and stresses. This work is of ever-growing importance, not only because of changing weather patterns and rising temperatures increasing the likelihood of disasters, but also because of growing risks related to violent conflict, human and livestock epidemics, environmental degradation and political and economic crises.

The shape and nature of our resilience programmes varies from country to country, depending on the local context, but generally includes a combination of approaches such as disaster risk reduction, climate resilient sustainable agriculture, natural resource management, humanitarian response and recovery, and promoting accountable and inclusive governance.
What sets us apart is our focus on women’s rights and leadership in resilience-building.

It is widely known that women and girls are disproportionally affected by disasters, climate change and conflict. Women and girls face heightened risks due to the cultural and social norms that define gender stereotypes, and the breakdown of normal protection structures during crises. We see that all forms of violence against women and girls are exacerbated during humanitarian crises, and in emergency relief and recovery efforts women tend to be discriminated against by existing norms and processes. For example, social customs and women’s role as carers limits their mobility and access to public spaces, meaning they do not directly receive relief items and are restricted from taking part in the decision-making that affects their lives.

Though the concept of gendered vulnerability is important for understanding the different ways in which women and men are affected by disasters, it must not be forgotten that there is nothing natural about this vulnerability. Rather, it is caused by the social and economic disadvantage that women experience as a result of socially constructed gender roles, systematic discrimination, and the power imbalance between women and men. While it is important to understand women’s vulnerability to disasters and climate change, it is also vital to avoid stereotyping women as inherently vulnerable, passive recipients of aid and protection. This has previously precluded women from being considered as active agents in humanitarian action and resilience-building, and overlooks the fulfilment of their right to equal participation and decision-making.

Women have a fundamental right to contribute to the decisions that affect their lives, and they bring vital skills, resources and experience to building resilience. They hold intimate ‘front-line’ knowledge of the local environment, including a good understanding of local-level risk, which is extremely useful in identifying and implementing the most effective resilience building activities.

Women’s connections within their community and their skills in mobilisation suggest they are well-placed to be transformative agents in community disaster planning and preparedness, should they be empowered to do so. “Women have an inherent capacity for risk management which has not been capitalised upon,” says Santosh Kumar, director of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation Disaster Management Centre. “Experience from disasters indicates that the way women handle risk is different from men. They have different qualities to bring to disaster planning that have been ignored in the name of vulnerability.” When supported and empowered to take up a leadership role, the women ActionAid works with have shown readiness and enthusiasm to lead resilience-building efforts, and have time and again demonstrated their ability to do so. Women are leading initiatives to diversify livelihoods, adapt agricultural practices in the light of climate change, ensure governmental disaster management strategies incorporate their needs, and advocate for sustainable use of natural resources.

Our experiences demonstrate that facilitating women’s leadership in resilience-building fosters a sense of self-confidence and empowerment among women that can help transform gender power relations in their households and communities, and overcome the barriers that have traditionally excluded women from decision-making and leadership.

The case studies in this publication demonstrate the incredible courage of women who have taken up leadership roles in different resilience-building initiatives in eight countries across Africa and Asia.
The stories illustrate the personal changes women have experienced, from being confined to their domestic responsibilities to participating in community decision-making processes and earning an income from different livelihood activities. They show the transformative change that women can bring about individually, or when they organise as a group.

Such as in Vietnam, where women have demanded local authorities recognise and protect their right to forest land, and led the design and implementation of sustainable forest-based livelihoods. Or in Malawi, where women have decided to transition to agro-ecological farming practices, demonstrating its success and encouraging the larger community to follow suit.

They are true stories of change, and we hope they inspire you.

Sierra Leone: Sierra Leone Market Price Bulletin, March 2017 Issue 1

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Source: Government of Sierra Leone, World Food Programme
Country: Sierra Leone

The Vulnerability Analysis and Mapping (VAM) Unit of the United Nations World Food Programme in Sierra Leone collects vital information on food security indicators throughout the country. In collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Security and key stakeholders WFP works to identify, understand and address food insecurity and vulnerability. This is the first issue of the Sierra Leone Market Price Bulletin, covering the period June 2016 to January 2017. The Bulletin will be published quarterly, providing updates on price changes for staple food commodities in Sierra Leone.

Highlights

  • The value of the Leone (SLL) against the US dollar continues to depreciate. The Consumer Price Index (CPI), which measures changes in the market price of a basket of goods and services purchased by consumers, increased by 15.63 percent from October 2015 to November 2016. The CPI is an indicator for inflation, and the increase represents a significant decline in purchasing power, particularly for vulnerable and low-income households.

  • In November 2016, the removal of a longstanding fuel subsidy increased the price of fuel by 62.5 percent, from Le3,750 to Le6,000 per litre. The dramatic increase in fuel prices is expected to impact both food and non-food expenditures at the household level (food prices, fuel costs for transport of food to and from markets, non-food related transport and cooking costs, etc).

  • The price of local and imported rice and cereals declined from October to November 2016, and remained stable during the recent harvest season between November 2016 and January 2017.

  • The purchasing power of low-income earners (unskilled labourers) declined between October and November 2016, but remained stable from November to December 2016.

Senegal: Senegal: Population Movement - Emergency Plan of Action Operation Update (MDRSN013)

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Source: International Federation of Red Cross And Red Crescent Societies
Country: Côte d'Ivoire, Gambia, Guinea, Mali, Mauritania, Senegal, Sierra Leone

Summary of major revisions made to emergency plan of action:

This operations update is geared towards highlighting activities already carried out. It also includes a revision regarding the implementation approach of planned activities. Following a detailed assessment carried out by IFRC and the Senegalese Red Cross Society (SRCS), and considering the priority needs of the target population, no additional funding is needed to support 7,000 people (displaced Gambians and host communities) nevertheless an internal budget reallocation has been done to fit with current activities, also the timeframe of the operation will be extended with one month. The Relief, clothing and textiles, food, water sanitation and utensils and tools components have been revised to be transformed to returnees’ transportation, cash transfer cross border activities and Psychosocial support to volunteers who were involved in the initial response activities. The overall budget has been reduced to CHF 195,351, to fit the activities planned to be implemented.

A. Situation analysis

Description of the disaster

The Gambia is a country of more than 300 km inside Senegalese territory. It shares a common border with seven regions of Senegal, which are: Kaolack, Fatick, Tambacounda, Kaffrine, Kolda, Sédhiou and Ziguinchor. During the presidential elections in December 2016, the political situation in The Gambia was a concern because of the outgoing President's challenge to the results. Despite the efforts of the international community for a peaceful resolution, the situation remained tense causing massive displacement of populations towards Senegal.

According to UNHCR, more than 45,000 people have reportedly crossed the Senegalese borders. These displaced persons have been comprised of Gambians, Senegalese, Sierra Leoneans, Mauritanians, Guineans, Malians and Ivoirians1 . Information collected by the various local committees of the Senegalese Red Cross Society (SRCS) in areas bordering The Gambia have reported more than 27,563 displaced persons, including 1,851 children under five years old, 347 pregnant women, and 602 elderly persons.

This massive population movement caused a critical humanitarian situation. Even though the first arrivals were absorbed by host populations, during the last few days, massive inflow of displaced persons that exceed local communities’ capacities has been noted. The increasing number of arrivals has put high pressure on host communities that are no longer able to face the urgent needs of accommodation, food, water and latrines.

Food stocks have been running low in host communities that were already vulnerable. There have been very few partners in the area responding to the increasing needs of displaced persons and host communities. Some displaced persons have settled in the capital city Dakar and have not had any support.

The security situation has evolved with the departure into exile of the out-going President on 21 January, 2017. Thousands of people have returned home from Senegal as the country’s new President pledged stability. People have been crossing back through the various borders (Ziguinchor, Foundiougne, Kerr Ayib and Amdallai). Some people headed home in private cars, on motorcycles, or by bus. Others have been going back through informal crossings on the northern and southern borders. Many people needed assistance to go back home. Hence buses sent by the Senegalese and Gambian authorities to help repatriate displaced people.

The major donors and partners of the DREF include the Red Cross Societies and governments of Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Monaco, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden and the USA, as well as DG ECHO, the UK Department for International Development (DFID) the Medtronic, Zurich and Coca Cola Foundations and other corporate and private donors. The IFRC, on behalf of the Senegalese Red Cross Society (GRCS) would like to extend many thanks to all partners for their generous contributions.

Mali: Situation alimentaire et nutritionnelle au Sahel et en Afrique de l’Ouest

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Source: Famine Early Warning System Network, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, World Food Programme, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Country: Burkina Faso, Chad, Ghana, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone

Malgré les disponibilités alimentaires globalement bonnes, l’insécurité civile dans le Bassin du Lac Tchad et le Nord du Mali continue d’affecter négativement les conditions de vie des ménages dans la sous-région entrainant une situation alimentaire et nutritionnelle critique par endroits au Burkina Faso, au nord du Mali, en Mauritanie, au Niger, au nord du Nigeria, au Sénégal et au Tchad.

À la suite des travaux de la réunion des experts du dispositif régional de prévention et de gestion des crises alimentaires au Sahel et en Afrique de l’Ouest (PREGEC), tenue à Dakar au Sénégal, du 22 au 24 mars 2017, les participants font la déclaration suivante :

  1. Les tendances de bonnes productions agricoles annoncées en novembre 2016 à Cotonou au titre de la campagne agricole 2016-2017 se confirment. Ainsi, les productions céréalières sont établies à 67,2 millions de tonnes, soit des hausses de 10 et 17% comparées respectivement à celles de la campagne 2015-2016 et à la moyenne des cinq dernières années. Toutefois, de légères baisses sont enregistrées en Gambie (-12,4%), au Libéria (-7,5%) et en Mauritanie (-11,2%, résultats provisoires) comparées à la moyenne quinquennale. Les productions de tubercules établies à 166,7 millions de tonnes, sont en hausse de 2,4% par rapport à la campagne 2015-16 et de 10% par rapport à la moyenne des cinq dernières années. Les productions des cultures de rente sont estimées à 8,3 millions de tonnes pour l’arachide, 7, 4 millions pour le niébé, 1,5 millions pour le soja et 865 milles pour le sésame. Ces productions sont en hausse comparées à la moyenne des cinq dernières années, sauf le sésame qui présente une baisse de 5,6% comparée à la campagne 2015-16.

  2. Sur le plan pastoral, la situation est caractérisée par l’épuisement des ressources fourragères et le tarissement des points d’eau de surface. Ceci annonce une soudure pastorale difficile dans l’Oudalan au Burkina Faso, dans les régions de Gao, Bourem, Gourma, Rharous et Menaka au Mali, dans les zones pastorales et agro-pastorales du Niger, à Kassine, Kobe Nord-Est, Kobe Sud, Gos-Mimi, Arada et environ au Tchad.

  3. Globalement, les marchés sont bien approvisionnés en denrées alimentaires à la faveur des bonnes récoltes enregistrées, du maintien des flux et du bon niveau des stocks commerciaux sur le marché international. Cependant, dans les zones affectées par l’insécurité civile, ces approvisionnements demeurent inferieurs à une situation normale. Sur les marchés agricoles, les prix des céréales sont en légère hausse comparés à la moyenne des cinq dernières années, en raison des perturbations enregistrées au niveau de certaines devises dans la région notamment au Nigeria, au Ghana, en Sierra Léone, en Guinée et au Libéria. Cette hausse est également observée sur les prix des tubercules malgré la bonne production enregistrée.

S’agissant des cultures de rente, les prix sont relativement stables en comparaison à la moyenne quinquennale à l’image de l’arachide et du niébé. La demande globale est stable, mais elle connaitra une croissance habituelle du fait de la reconstitution des stocks ménages et institutionnels.

  1. Sur les marchés à bétail, les prix des bovins et des petits ruminants sont en hausse par rapport à la moyenne quinquennale dans le bassin Ouest et au Mali. Par contre, dans les bassins Centre et Est, Ils sont en nette baisse à cause de la réduction de la demande du Nigeria suite aux perturbations des flux liées à l’insécurité civile notamment dans les pays du Bassin du Lac Tchad.

  2. Les termes de l’échange bétail/céréales et produits rentres/céréales sont en détérioration dans les pays du bassin Est sauf au Tchad où il est noté une amélioration due à la baisse des prix des céréales. Par ailleurs, dans les pays du bassin Ouest et au Mali, les termes de l’échange sont favorables pour les consommateurs de céréales à cause du bon niveau des prix du bétail, de l’arachide et de la noix de cajou.

  3. La situation nutritionnelle demeure préoccupante voire critique dans le bassin du Lac Tchad, au Nord du Mali, au Niger et dans plusieurs Etats du Nord du Nigéria du fait de la détérioration des conditions de sécurité alimentaire et la persistance de l’insécurité civile notamment dans les zones abritant des populations de réfugiés et des déplacés internes. Ainsi, le nombre d’enfants malnutris sévères pourrait atteindre la barre de 3.500.000 en fin 2017 si les interventions de lutte contre la malnutrition en cours ne sont pas renforcées.

  4. Les analyses du Cadre Harmonisé conduites dans les dix-sept pays de l’espace CILSS,
    CEDEAO et UEMOA, indiquent qu’en période courante (mars, avril et mai 2017), 9,6 millions de personnes sont en situation de crise et au-delà contre 10,4 millions annoncés en novembre 2016. Cette situation est en partie liée à l’amélioration progressive de la situation sécuritaire et aux actions d’assistance humanitaires en cours notamment dans le Bassin du Lac Tchad en général et au nord Est du Nigeria en particulier. Si les interventions en cours ne sont pas renforcées et celles envisagées, pas mises en œuvre notamment au Burkina Faso, au nord du Mali, en Mauritanie, au Niger, au nord du Nigeria, au Sénégal et au Tchad, ces populations pourraient atteindre d’ici la période de soudure (juin- août), 13,8 millions dont 1,6 millions en urgence et au Nigeria 50 milles en état de famine. Parmi ces populations vulnérables, il faut compter près de 4,9 millions de personnes déplacées et refugiées en raison de l’insécurité civile dans le Bassin du Lac Tchad et le Nord du Mali, du banditisme et les conflits intercommunautaires qui sévissent dans la région.

Mali: Cadre Harmonisé d’analyse et d’identification des zones à risque et des populations en insécurité alimentaire et nutritionnelle au Sahel et en Afrique de l’Ouest (CH) – Situation courante (Mars-Mai 2017) et projetée (juin-août 2017)

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Source: Permanent Interstate Committee for Drought Control in the Sahel
Country: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Chad, Côte d'Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo

Analyse régionale de la situation de l’insécurité alimentaire et nutritionnelle aiguë

L’essentiel

La consommation alimentaire :
globalement satisfaisante sauf dans le bassin du Lac Tchad, dans certaines poches au Niger, au Mali et au Sénégal.

l’évolution des moyens d’existence :
ils sont durables et protégées, toutefois ils demeurent érodés dans les zones en conflit dans le bassin du Lac Tchad, au Nord Mali et les zones frontalières du Liptako Gourma (Burkina Faso-Mali-Niger).

la situation nutritionnelle :
reste préoccupante dans l’ensemble eu égard aux prévalences de la Malnutrition aigüe globale (MAG) au-dessus du seuil d’alerte dans plusieurs régions au Mali, au Niger, au Nigéria, au Tchad et au Burkina Faso et au-dessus du seuil d’urgence au Tchad et au Nord-Est Nigéria.

Mortalité
La situation de mortalité des enfants de moins de 5 ans dans les 3 Etats du Nord-Est Nigéria est préoccupante et appelle à une réponse immédiate

Les résultats

  • Analyse courante (mars-mai) : environs 9,6 millions de personnes nécessitent une assistance humanitaire, dont 8,2 millions en phase 3 (Crise), 1,4 millions de personnes en Phase 4 (urgence) et 44 mille personnes en phase 5 (Famine).

  • Analyse Projetée (juin-août) : environs 13,8 millions de personnes nécessitent une assistance humanitaire, dont 12,1 millions en phase 3 (Crise), 1,6 millions de personnes en Phase 4 (urgence) et 50 mille personnes en phase 5 (Famine).

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